For demanding satellite applications, Size 15 stepper motor was developed for the European Space Agency's long wave X-ray telescope. This and several other space-rated motors are available from the firm, including two-phase hybrid stepper motors, three-phase brushless motors, feedback devices and mechanical assemblies that meet the electrical, mechanical and reliability requirements of space flight. Space considerations include materials vapor pressure and outgassing properties, cleaning and contamination related to optical devices, mechanical shock, vibration and thermal cycling, lubrication, mission life, duty cycle, thermal analysis, weight limitations, power budget and more.