- Clock gating: Switching off the clock to flip-flops if the transition during clocking results in the same value.
- Dynamic Voltage Frequency Scaling (DVFS): Change both the voltage and frequency of a logical block during operation based on the task it performs to produce a cubic power reduction.
- Isolation cells: Prevent physical damage to sections of the IC that interface to power switch-off modules.
- Level shifters: Provide a proper interface for signals that cross from one voltage to the other.
- Multiple power domains: Use multiple voltages to implement a design, and use lower voltage for noncritical blocks to save power.
- Multiple VT optimization: Use two or more VT libraries to optimize noncritical paths in a design to reduce leakage.
- Operand isolation: Switching off the operand before the execution starts if we know that the result will never get used in the next stage.
- Pin swapping: Swapping a high-capacitance input with an equivalent low-capacitance input for a high-toggle net.
- Power switch-off: Turn off power to sections of the IC by using on-chip switches formed using high-VT transistors.
- Static Retention Power Gating (SRPG): Retain the state of flip flop to enable fast bring-up of a logic module from power shutdown.
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