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    Energy Harvesting

    July 20, 2020
    From triboelectricity to rust, these articles highlight multiple aspects of energy harvesting.

    This TechXchange focuses on energy harvesting. It also addresses energy harvesting applications like IoT. 

    Energy harvesting is an attractive option for providing long-term power, and at low or even no cost, for circuits and systems, especially when battery replacement is impractical. However, as with almost all design options, it's simple in concept but brings issues, tradeoffs, and constraints in implementation. Despite its initial attractiveness, energy harvesting is not a “something for nothing” design option. However, it may be a “something for very little” option, or perhaps it's the only feasible option for some challenging installations.

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    Energy Harvesting Design

    Looking to incorporate energy harvesting in your design? Check out some of these articles.

    11 Myths About Energy Harvesting
    Is energy harvesting expensive? Hard to implement? We’ll dispel some of the myths surrounding the technology.
    Running Op Amps on a Single Cell
    Few operational amplifiers will work at 0.9 V, the voltage of a discharged alkaline cell. Here are some of those exceptions.
    Harvest Energy from RF Sources
    Growing reliance on electronic devices in industrial and commercial applications is fueling the use of RF energy harvesting as a source of power.
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    A chipless RFID approach offers a cost-effective alternative to bar-code readers.
    6211836 © Petar Zigich | Dreamstime.com
    A free-standing magnetic field energy harvester (FSMFEH) can provide isolation and effectively power remote sensors in high-voltage grid and busbar applications.
    Capacitors and Current-Sense Amps: Unsung Energy-Harvesting Heroes
    Sponsored by Digi-Key and ON Semiconductor/Kemet: These components, typically built to withstand tough conditions, are critical for maintaining the reliability and long-term life...
    Triboelectric Energy Harvesting Finally Gets Detailed Analytical Model
    Friction-generated energy can be captured and harvested—a new analytical model incorporates material surfaces, position, and motion that results in energy output.

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    Energy Harvesting Research

    Many energy harvesting designs and implementations are cutting edge. Some of these are still in the labs but may be available in the future.

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    When infused with a suitable electrolyte, chemically processed wood can function as an energy-harvesting transducer using low-grade (low temperature) heat as the energy source...
    These 5 IoT Energy-Harvesting Options Stand Out “in the Field”
    As embedded systems and IoT devices push more into applications in remote locations, designers are looking at alternative means to portably power them.
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    Researchers developed a friction-based transducer comprised of liquid metal and a polymer-layer sandwich that can harvest energy of low-frequency motion, such as from a body.
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    Researchers combined conductive threads with a polymer film to create a flexible mesh of electrodes on a textile backing that functions as a supercapacitor.
    Patricio Sarzosa
    Piezo-Based Energy Harvesting for Medical Implants May Transcend Alternative Approaches
    Researchers developed a prototype energy-harvesting transducer for medical implants, such as pacemakers, using normal motion of the heart-related blood vessels to generate critical...
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    An intermittent saline solution flowing across a precisely engineered, ultra-thin layer of rust can generate small but meaningful amounts of power.
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    Researchers developed a self-powered, in-situ, biodegradable sensor of fluid flow in blood vessels that combines a capacitive pressure transducer with an RF antenna.
    Electronics Meets Textiles in Various Innovative Guises
    Textiles and electronics are forming mutually beneficial relationships, with components and functions such as optical devices and flexible sensors embedded in fabric.
    Nanotube Shirts for Energy Harvesting?
    By stretching and relaxing tightly twisted yarns made of carbon-based nanotube fibers, researchers devised a way to harvest and store the motion as electrical energy.
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    Researchers at Georgia Institute of Technology are harvesting energy using triboelectric effect technology.
    With the triboelectric nanogenerator and twostage power management system developed by the Georgia Institute of Technology tapping your finger can generate enough power to operate a scientific calculator Image courtesy of Zhong Lin Wang Georgia Tech
    Georgia Tech researchers have developed a power management system that could allow wearables to harvest energy from running, walking, or tapping your fingers.
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    A tailored nanoscale “spin rectifier” is optimized for low-level energy harvesting in specific RF bands.
    University of California, San Diego
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    Innovative fingertip biofuel cells and flexible thermoelectric devices enable non-invasive biomarker sensing and energy harvesting from human skin.
    Chalmers University of Technology and KAIST
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    The quest continues to have your shirt provide harvestable energy. Two novel methodologies attempt to find the solution, one implementing conductive polymers and the other using...
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    Adding a triboelectric-friendly layer to leaves turns them into tiny energy-harvesting sources.

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    Using Energy Harvesting

    Here are some examples of energy harvesting uses.

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    Now becoming available for large wind-turbine systems are less expensive, lightweight, and higher-performing alternatives to the low-speed, rare-earth permanent-magnet direct-...
    Energy-Harvesting and Regeneration Embraced by Auto Industry
    Research into regenerative braking, kinetic and vibrational energy recovery, and the triboelectric effect continues to advance, with some moving into mainstream design.
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    The billions of sensors at the heart of the countless amounts of smart connected devices rely on batteries for power, which are costly, toxic to the environment, and require significant...
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    Designers are eyeing the latest methods in energy harvesting to recover wasted heat, motion, vibration, and friction losses, and recoup them into useful electrical energy from...
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    Smart home
    Ambient Photonics’ Joshua Wright discusses the details behind the company’s low-light energy-harvesting solar cells, which offer a solution to smart-home power requirements.

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