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What is Incident Power Density? (Download)

Feb. 28, 2024

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Incident power density (IPD) is a metric that’s used to assess the exposure of humans to electromagnetic fields (EMFs) in the frequency range from 6 to 300 GHz. 

IPD is typically spatially averaged over an averaging area. Two quantities can be used to define spatially averaged IPD:

  1. Using the normal component of IPD vectors crossing the surface.
  2. The magnitude of IPD vectors (norm) averaged over an area independent of the orientation.