Incident power density (IPD) is a metric that’s used to assess the exposure of humans to electromagnetic fields (EMFs) in the frequency range from 6 to 300 GHz.
IPD is typically spatially averaged over an averaging area. Two quantities can be used to define spatially averaged IPD:
- Using the normal component of IPD vectors crossing the surface.
- The magnitude of IPD vectors (norm) averaged over an area independent of the orientation.